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The National Electricity Market (NEM) is the Australian wholesale electricity market and the associated synchronous electricity transmission grid. The NEM began operation on 13 December 1998 and operations are currently based in five interconnected regions – Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria and South Australia. Tasmania was the last state to join the NEM as the sixth region in May 2005 and became fully operational on 29 April 2006 when the Basslink interconnector was fully activated. The Snowy region was abolished on 1 July 2008 and the components split between New South Wales and Victoria. The Australian Capital Territory is included in the NSW region of the NEM. The NEM operates the world’s longest interconnected power systems between Port Douglas, Queensland and Port Lincoln, South Australia with an end-to-end distance of more than 5000 kilometres, and 40,000 circuit kilometres. Over A$11 billion of electricity is traded annually in the NEM to meet the demand of almost 19 million end-use consumers.〔An Introduction to Australia's National Electricity Market http://www.aemo.com.au/corporate/0000-0262.pdf〕〔(Pivotal to Australia's Energy Future ).〕 ==Operation of the physical market== Exchange between electricity producers and electricity consumers is facilitated through a spot market where the output from all generators is aggregated and instantaneously scheduled to meet demand through a centrally-coordinated dispatch process. This process is operated by the Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) in accordance with the provisions of Australian National Electricity Law and Australian National Electricity Rules. Scheduled generators submit offers every five minutes of every day. From all offers submitted, AEMO’s systems determine the generators required to produce electricity based on the principle of meeting prevailing demand in the most cost-efficient way (see also Economic dispatch). AEMO then dispatches these generators into production by sending automatic generation control (AGC) target signals to each generating unit. A dispatch price is determined every five minutes, and six dispatch prices are averaged every half-hour to determine the spot price for each trading interval for each of the regions of the NEM. AEMO uses the spot price as the basis for the settlement of financial transactions for all energy traded in the NEM. The Rules set a maximum spot price MPC (market price cap) of A$13,800/MWh for the 2015-2016 financial year. The maximum price was increased from A$13,100/MWh (2013-2014), and from $13,500/MWh (2014-2015). This is the maximum price at which generators can bid into the market. The maximum spot price – which was previously called the value of lost load (VoLL) – is the price automatically triggered when AEMO directs network service providers to interrupt customer supply in order to keep supply and demand in the system in balance. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「national electricity market」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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